Posts

Phytochemistry

  Common introduction Phytochemicals  are  chemical compounds  produced by  plants , generally to help them resist fungi, bacteria and  plant virus  infections, and also consumption by insects and other animals. The name comes from  Greek   φυτόν  (phyton)  'plant'. Some phytochemicals have been used as  poisons  and others as  traditional medicine . As a term,  phytochemicals  is generally used to describe plant compounds that are under research with unestablished effects on health, and are not scientifically defined as  essential nutrients . Regulatory agencies governing food labeling in Europe and the United States have provided guidance for industry to limit or prevent  health claims  about phytochemicals on food  product or nutrition labels . Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) strictly refer to  dimer  and  trimer   polymerizations  of catechins. OPCs are found in most plants and thus are common in the human diet. Especially the  skin , seeds, and  seed coats  of pur

organic name reaction introduction

  Topic:   Organic Reaction Mechanism . NAME : T.MANJU DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY Topic:   Organic Reaction Mechanism   The Baeyer-Villiger oxidation is an organic reaction used to convert a ketone to an ester using a peroxyacid (such as mCPBA). The reaction of the ketone with the acid results in a tetrahedral intermediate, with an alkyl migration following to release a carboxylic acid. The more electron rich R group migrates to the oxygen in this concerted process, allowing for accurate prediction of the stereochemistry of the product The Birch reduction is an organic reaction where aromatic rings undergo a 1,4-reduction to provide unconjugated cyclohexadienes. The reduction is conducted by sodium or lithium metal in liquid ammonia and in the presence of an alcohol. The mechanism begins with a single electron transfer(SET) from the metal to the aromatic ring, forming a radical anion. The anion then picks up a proton from the alcohol which results in a neutral radical intermed